Cultural Perspectives On Cultural Diversity - 977 Words

Cultural Vantage Point Cultural diversity has become a strength within the many communities the results of decades of fighting for equality for all Americans. However, over the last decade there has been a dramatic rise in conservative, religious, family values groups, that have become no better than the school yard bully we all avoided as children. Psychological theory of essentialism, play a major role in the psychological makeup of these conservative groups, shunning anything or anyone that they simply cannot understand. Essentialism, supports stereotype prejudice, psychologically embedding the thoughts and ideas of these prejudices engrained into the psyche of the individual, making these stereotype prejudice a core value (Bastian, Haslam, 2006). â€Å"People essentialize emotion categories by assuming that members of the same category† behave in the same manner, fostering a prejudice against people (Lindquist, Gendron, Oosterwijk, Barrett, 2013). The psychological pheno menon of essentialism has virtually halted progress, encouraging regression and causing division. Embracing Diversity Bridging gaps has been an easier road for some groups over the decades, with nearly every culture suffering a prejudice, that needed to be addressed to overcome bigotry. White men have been the one group that did not suffer from prejudice, until recently; as they for the first time they are dealing with affirmative action bumping them down the list for positions in order toShow MoreRelatedCultural Diversity And The Perspectives From Manager s Competences And Leadership Style2497 Words   |  10 PagesThis essay is in the area of workforce diversity, specifically cultural diversity. The purpose of this essay is to critically examine cultural diversity with the perspectives from manager’s competences and leadership style. Therefore, this essay will critically examine the workforce diversity concept and the implications of leadership, competencies and management. Several of strategies available for managers to deal with diversity in the workplace will be disc ussed. There are many types of leadershipRead MoreAn Article On Managing Cultural Diversity Within Sports Organizations : A Theoretical Perspective963 Words   |  4 Pagesaddress the issue of diversity in sports. For example, Leo Kahane, Neil Longley, and Robert Simmons wrote an article titled â€Å"The Effects of Coworker Heterogeneity on Firm-Level Output: Assessing the Impacts of Cultural and Language Diversity in the National Hockey League,† and this article talks about how teams and players have to deal with teammates that are culturally from a different background. Also, Alison J. Doherty wrote an article titled â€Å"Managing Cultural Diversity in Sport Organizations:Read MoreCultural Diversity At The Twenty First Century Decade Essay1229 Words   |  5 Pages–and-Fairness Perspective and Explore Cultural Differences Managers Display Lereiya Edmonson Martin Class MGMT 630 Most organizations have identified factors that contributed to managers’ blindness to the impact of cultural diversity. In the twenty first century decade organization, have a direct impact on low productivity. Besides, diversity leads to ambiguity, disagreement on specific action and over complexity in the workforce. As a result, there is tension that is related to cultural diversity, whichRead MoreMulticultural Education Is A Method For Instruction That Values Diversity Within The Classroom1227 Words   |  5 PagesIn the United States diversity will become progressively more reflected in our schools. In our school, students are becoming increasingly diverse, by assisting pupils to attaining knowledge, attitudes they need in order to become active citizens within our society. Teaching a group of diverse students from different backgrounds, ethnic, and other cultural groups in a school environment that supports diversity within a classroom setting incorporate teaching. More importantly, it is important thatRead MoreEarly Childhood Educators Promote Diversity, And As A Result Improve Academic Outcomes1413 Words   |  6 Pagesstrategies utilized by early childhood educators to promote diversity, and as a result improve academic outcomes. Most data related to diversity in the classroom is derived from research in pre-school and Head Start programs. Although there are other avenues for early childhood education, including home-based and center-based childcare, this research will focus on pre-K and Head Start. Literature Review: Influencing Teacher Perspectives Meeting the needs of a diverse student population continuesRead MoreCultural Diversity in the Workplace Essay968 Words   |  4 PagesErica L. Munsey Cultural Diversity In The Workplace Sociology 220B There is presently more than 60% percent of the United States work force that consist of immigrants, minorities and woman. Current studies show that in the next 10 – 15 years such groups will rise to 90% in the work force. Today’s leaders are now confronted with the challenges of how to effectively manage the work force that is increasing in the diverse lines of ethnicity, physical abilityRead MoreDiversity Of A New Rocket Ship1696 Words   |  7 PagesThe topic of diversity is an ever-growing discussion to encourage inclusion of different people, cultures, and backgrounds into the global marketplace. In my issue paper, I will explore the idea of diversity, its benefits, and how it can be included within key sectors of the business world. Diversity is an important factor to the business place that allows employees and customers to interact with companies that value their background as an essential part of their business plan company culture. ThereRead MoreAnalysis Of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie The Dangers Of A Single Story 986 Words   |  4 PagesChimamanda Ngozi Adichie, in a TED Talks presentation titled â€Å"The Dangers of a Single Story†, introduces her concept of the single story as having an incomplete perspective on topics such as race, gender equality, and sexual identity that translate to how people perceive each other. People who suffer from a single story rely on their partial judgment to make decisions about others rather than to make decisions on what is factual. Being exposed to various literature is crucial in avoiding the dangersRead MoreGlobalization Has Become The Root Of Changing The Demographic Diversity Of The Workforce857 Words   |  4 PagesGlobalization has become the root of changing the demographic diversity of the workforce in an organization throughout the world. Diversity does not only imply race and gender, but it shows that every person is different and that their culture is char acterized as individual. Individuals in an organization have their own different customs, values, and perspectives; employers must be mindful of all of these differences. Successfully managing cultural differences would allow organizations to be more competitiveRead MorePerspectives on Diversity1400 Words   |  6 PagesPerspectives on Diversity The United States today is a society struggling with its own diversity. There have been and still are many perspectives on how we as a society should come together and interact with others of different races, cultures and ethnic groups. The Anglo Conformity Perspective views the values, norms and standards of the United States as an extension of English cultures because the English were the dominant group during the colonial era and when the new nation was emerging

The Great Depression Was A Worldwide Economic Disaster...

The Great Depression was a worldwide economic disaster that sparked the â€Å"Black Tuesday† stock market crash on October 29th, 1920. With the first waves of the crash along with the low point in the Depression, there was a short-lived spark in the economy, but was immediately followed by steeper falls in the stock market. According to â€Å"In Defense of Marxism, USA: Crisis and Class Struggle in the 1930s and Today† article, the author points out that â€Å"From the cyclical high of 381.17 points on September 3, 1929, the Dow Jones Industrial Average fell to 198.60 on November 13 that same year. It then recovered substantially, and by April 17, 1930 was up to 294.07. But this secondary closing peak was not to last – it has thus been aptly named a â€Å"dead cat bounce† by some economists†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Furthermore, did the crash cause the depression and what was the relationship between the economic collapse and the coming of World War II? Lastly, the â€Å"Black Tuesday† marked the end of the â€Å"Roaring 20s† and a beginning of what would be the one of the largest economic catastrophes in the United States history. Nobody could predict what would happen in the days and months to come. In the early stages of the Depression, general panic set in the housing/auto sector (1927-1928), fed raises the interest rates (Sept. 1929), the consumer spending dipped (Sept. 1929), â€Å"Black Thursday† occurred (Oct. 24th, 1929), along with the banking giant JP Morgan trying to rescue the economy and lastly the Black TuesdayShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesSaddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps or all caps. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Robbins, Stephen P. Organizational behavior / Stephen P. Robbins, Timothy A. Judge. — 15th ed. p. cm. IncludesRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesPermissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. Many of the designations by manufacturers and seller to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps or all caps. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Whetten, David A. (David Allred) Developing management skills /David A. Whetten, Kim S. Cameron.—8th ed

Football Essay Example - 733 Words

GD: Well coach, it’s still really early in the season, but your team had a good showing at both the Lodi Flame Invitational and the Jaguar Invite. What are your thoughts about the first two events of the season? KM: I actually didn’t make it to the Lodi one. My brother was getting married, so I missed that one. That’s always an early season meet where we just want to see what we’ve got. Yes, we did good in some individual races. Brenden Dishion is a sophomore and he ran the varsity race and did pretty well. We have a pretty strong girls team this year and I’d like to see them start pushing the effort a little more. I think if they can workout hard, then we are really going to show some good things. GD: The heat last week was absolutely†¦show more content†¦He’s got some knee issues that he’s working through. Another really hard working kid is Soren Jensvold. They are both medaling at meets and doing a really good job. We’ve also got some newcomers who’ve never run before. I’m curious to see how they do once they get into shape. GD: You just mentioned that you have new runners that have never ran cross country before. How long does it take for someone to get acclimated to being able to run at a competitive level? KM: How long does it take for someone to get in shape who’s never run cross country before Unfortunately, it takes almost the whole season. They have to get used to the pacing and how to get through the comfort level. That’s something that is really hard for a young athlete to do. They don’t realize that they can get past that and it takes them a good couple of months to get into that groove. A good athlete will do well with just natural ability. The problem with varsity is that they have to run three miles with just training. If they are just coming out now without any summer running, it’s going to take a couple of months. GD: And finally, your team will be competing at the North Tahoe Invitational this Friday and Saturday in Tahoe City. Is this an event that gets circled right when the schedules get released? KM: That’s a favorite event. It’s a good team bonding time. We spend the night up there and then go to the lake afterwards. The race is a neat raceShow MoreRelatedThe Salary of a Professional Football Player Essay example939 Words   |  4 PagesThe Salary of a Professional Football Player It has been argued that professional football players are being overpaid for their profession. In this essay I shall be expressing the opinions from both sides of the argument in order for myself to come to a conclusion. The general complaint has derived from the general public’s view that only the minority of the money is spent on things other than the players themselves, despite their occupation being one of simplicityRead MoreLocal And National Provision For Football Essay example1836 Words   |  8 PagesLocal And National Provision For Football The game of Football was first organised in England in the 1800s and is now the most popular sport around the world. The World Cup is held every four years and is the most-watched sports event today. Around 70 thousand boys play football, for either a school or club team, at each age level between the age ranges of Under 11 to Under 16, and over 500 thousand play between the ages of nine to 16. Only 0.6% of those five hundredRead MoreThe Application of Social Conflict Theory to Football Essay example1843 Words   |  8 PagesThe Application of Social Conflict Theory to Football In the book entitled Out of Their League, David Meggyesy describes his life as a football player from high school through his days with the St. Louis Cardinals of the National Football League (NFL). Born in 1941, Meggyesy was raised in a low-income household in Solon, Ohio. Like many athletes from impoverished backgrounds, he was able to use the game of football to better himself though both a full scholarship to Syracuse University and financialRead MoreAnterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Football Player Essay examples1970 Words   |  8 PagesPRINCIPLES OF SPORTS THERAPY ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT INJURY IN FOOTBALL PLAYER ANATOMY Palastanga (2006). Anterior cruciate ligament as two bands, anteromedial attaches anterioriorly on intercondylar eminence of medial plateau of tibia.posterolateral attach on medial aspect of lateral condyle of femur; intermediately twisted. Vascular supply is middle genicular artery. Ekbolm (1994). In foot ball, while side cutting, players performRead MoreAmerica Football1535 Words   |  7 PagesFootball: at the turn of century Without question, football is the most popular sport in America. Football is also a sport that is enjoyed all over the world by people of all ages. Football is also an activity that the family can all enjoy as in example dad can play with his son on a Sunday team. Mom and sister can watch, or the whole family can go out on Saturday to watch college football or on Sunday for the Football Or Soccer Football or Soccer Many people argue about soccer and football. FootballRead MoreIf It Happened There : The Brutal Contest Of Strength And Strategy885 Words   |  4 PagesIn Joshua Keating’s essay â€Å"If It Happened There: In Brutal Contest of Strength and Strategy, a Culture Is Revealed† published on Slate.com in January 2014, the author utilizes polarizing diction, juxtaposition, pedantic diction, and synecdoche to achieve the purpose of showing that the Super Bowl is a tradition that unifies American Society. The author sets the stage of his article by talking about the upcoming Super Bowl. He uses distinct adjectives to create imagery that in turn sets the moodRead MoreThe Popularity Of Pro Football969 Words   |  4 PagesThe popularity of pro football has jumped in recent years compared to other sports in the States, such as pro basketball and major league baseball. During my time as a kid I always thought that being in the NFL was the most amazing thing. But as time has caught up with me certain things have made me wonder if it’s worth it. Athletes in the NFL make millions, but they also endure certain life problems, which we, as fans, don’t see, to include injuries such as concussions, ACL tears, financial problemsRead MoreIs Football A Sport?1186 Words   |  5 PagesIn the essay You Knock My Brains Out This Sunday, I Knock Your Brains Out the Next Time We Meet written by Steve Almond, we are shown a pressing issue in our society. The pressing issue he highlights is our society’s love for action-packed entertainment without the aspect of putting ourselves at risk. As a result of such love, sports have surged in popularity and have essentially filled our wishes. Looking at the NFL in particular, Almond explains what our love for action is doing to fellow humansRead MoreWhy We Crave Horror Movies by Stephen King - Analysis Essay876 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Essay Analysis of Why We Crave Horror Movies Thesis: Stephen King never clearly states the thesis of this essay however there is enough information provided that we can infer one. We need to keep our inner lyncher at bay by feeding ourselves with small portions of demonic, bloody, violence, found in horror movies. King writes â€Å"It deliberately appeals to all the worst in us. It is morbidity unchained, our most base instincts let free, our nastiest fantasies realized...† (Why We Crave Horror MoviesRead Morehow i learned to love football Essay1168 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Jesse Saunders Prof. Keith Bishop English 101 12/10/2013 â€Å"How I Learned To Love Football† â€Å"Move Over Boys, Make Room In The Crease† Sara Maratta and Felisa Rogers essay is the opposite of one another. Sara Maratta at the age of 14 developed a liking to sports, hockey was Marattas number one sport. Maratta knew hockey inside and out. Her favorite aspect of the sport was the fighting part. It drew her deeper into the sport. Maratta had a passion for the Blue Jackets team, and being her

An Experience to Forget Free Essays

As the bleary clouds gradually pulls away from one another the illumination that emanates from the radiant moon becomes clearly visible. The murky vapour, about half an hour previously, which gave the impression that it was embodied into the fabrics of the environment created a clouded screen which impeded the vision of the distanced scenery. This gradually vanishes as light from the moon brightens the region. We will write a custom essay sample on An Experience to Forget? or any similar topic only for you Order Now The adjacent meadow next to me is a prevailing feature in the nearby area: each blade of grass is discrete, sharply defined and glazed with a thin layer of frost; mixed into the turf are faint patches of bronze coloured crops and behind this are rows of shrubbery which are tinted a shade of green. Encircling the pasture are birch trees. Devoid of any leaves, leaning to the side and seeming pale and slender they appear like gaunt skeletal palms that were reaching out for an unknown, mysterious purpose. The peacefulness of the night, almost instantaneously shatters as a storm erupts. A torrent lashes down at a high speed ricocheting against the jagged path which stretches out through the middle of the meadow. The rain is vigorous and scourges my already cold body. My situation had been just about bearable several hours previously when it was slightly more temperate and still daylight. However as the darkness set in I could only stumble, falling occasionally on sharp rocks and unrefined pebbles, which left me with painful injuries. The piercing chill of the night makes me reluctant to attempt to find authorities in the deserted Dartmoor country or even to leave from the tattered ‘camp'(if you could even name it that), which I have very shoddily and quickly created in order to protect myself from these surroundings which are very unaccustomed even wild to me. This landscape is littered with unusual greenery and wildlife which are so different to my home region of Southern Italy; in fact I already have had an unpleasant reaction to a plant which has left my wrist turgid and swollen. Surely you must be wondering how I ended up in this condition? The truthful answer to that question is that it is unclear even to me. Back in Italy many people gave me pleasant reports about the captivating scenery in Dartmoor and the enjoyment they had on an expedition here. Since I am a person who is fascinated by quaint landscapes and relaxed adventures, I could not resist the temptation of being here myself. This morning when I first set out on the excursion the weather was reasonably pleasant although slightly chilly. However, while in the middle of my hike at about two or three o’clock, the ambience slowly became increasingly unpleasant after about an hour there were near gale force winds which I can only describe as wrath from heaven itself. I was dehydrated. My head was throbbing. I lost control. Screaming what I thought would be last words, I cried: â€Å"What have I done to deserve this!? † I think I may have fallen unconscious but the experience was all a bit ambiguous and unintelligible. I felt confused and lost, I tried looking at my map but I was feeling so dizzy I could barely interpret it. Despair. Complete despair are the words that can best describe my situation, I feel confounded, lost in an environment which I am not used to and one that I realise that I am helpless to do anything about it. Crouching down and hunching in a torn sleeping bag, as I peer around, I can faintly hear the close-by river in the background of the storm and the rumbles of thunder. The gentleness of the sound in comparison to my surroundings and its flowing water soothes me and it brings me back to my joyful infanthood in the picturesque, awe-inspiring Italian summer. In the bay of Naples, the majestic sun could be seen gloriously rising above the horizon. As the day steadily grew hotter the radiating light brightened the cold, grey sky into a vibrant yet soothing cyan. The sun created a mesmerizing mirage which shimmered into the depth of the nearby ocean. Slowly the earth and creation were coming out of hibernation and into life. There was a feeling of awe in the atmosphere and a sense of the start of something sensational. The sand along the shore was glistening in the heat of the sun. Encompassing the sea-side were smooth pebbles and a variety of shells with vivacious colours and different sizes. I can remember one shell in particular attracted attention, it was coloured a delicate beige but with strands of deep purple embossed with particles of golden sand, at one end it appeared as if it were an enthroned King with an elaborate crown with glossed decorations. The other end was dominated by a curved abyss embellished with an exquisite magenta. The Atlantic Ocean, which was exceptionally tranquil that morning, sparkled in the distance. Its waters gave the impression of an everlasting quantity, yet it still appeared inviting. It created a wonderful sea breeze which gently brushed against me; there was also a salty aroma which had a sense of authenticity to it. The delicate, enchanting sound of the sea brushing against the shore’s numerous boulders and stones soothed me and made feel almost at one with nature . In my home town beyond the shore of Naples, there was emerging from the distance, scattered clusters of people. A faint scent of Mediterranean cuisine was arising from the local cafis and restaurants, within an hour there was an energetic buzz within the region. In my minds eye I could still see the pier extending about twenty metres out into the depth of the sea. On it were several ornate amusements, which were garnished with lively colours ranging from a royal blue to pale green. There were echoes of ecstatic friends of mine; we relished ourselves in the opportunities of excitement available on the pier. Behind the pier was a magnificent Merry-Go-Round, it was laden with a rich diversity of colours and it was adorned with pretend gold and jewels. Next to this was a colossal Ferris-Wheel which surpassed any other altitudes in the area. In contrast, aligning both sides of the platform, were fishermen who practiced their profession with an eerie sense of separation from the rest of the people and seemed to be in solitude. As midday approached a restaurant serving local fish would begin to make preparations for lunch and there was always a delicious odour of roast haddock tainted with a lavish honey fragrance oozing out from the building. The locals would flock some around the restaurant anticipating the delights concealed within. Appearing to become even colder the winds increase in speed, the effect of the weather becomes even more drastic upon me and penetrates through my layers of clothing. Suddenly the weather awakens me from my dreaming and brings me back to reality. As I reflect upon the memory I realise combining all these subtle, minute elements in the environment has made that summer exceptional and close to my heart. Although perhaps my former self was oblivious to all these intricate details, one can look back from an age of maturity and truly appreciate these events. When remembering that event my morale seems to lift, even though my current situation is one of desperation, the pleasant memory satisfied my soul and gave me happiness from within. The rainfall also seems to become more intense and I feel as if I am about to catch pneumonia. As my suffering increases so does the desire to be consumed in a recollection. As I find myself drifting off again, I see myself in my mid-adolescent years; I remember thoroughly preparing for examinations which allowed me to graduate from middle school. At that time The Victoria Park was my refuge. This was an outstanding place, an oasis in the middle of a desert because its beauty contrasted so much to the bleak urban settlement that surrounded it. Its splendour radiated a sense of awe and it gave all the inhabitants of the close by town a sense of pride. In comparison to its dreary surroundings the park was picturesque and inviting. The grass was crisp and freshly moist with the morning dew. The trees, which were shaded in a deep, rich mahogany, overshadow the park; so the bright, harsh rays of sunlight did not spoil its delicacy. I could hear the soft flow of water from the stream gently brushing against the smooth pebbles in the distance, as the wind delicately whistled past me. As I revised for my exams, the peace it emanated had a unique quality of tranquillity and peace that was incomparable to anywhere in my home-city. As I result I passed the tests with flying colours. Eventually, I am motivated enough to attempt to rescue myself, thanks to the pleasant reminiscences that uplifted my spirits. I am determined to succeed even with missing equipment, I refuse to let the situation fall through my fingers. Focusing like I have never done before in my life, I worked out where I was on the map by looking at my positioning in comparison to the stream and a landmark I could make out in the distance. I have I all the inclination necessary to return back to civilisation. .Perhaps this is an experience I would rather forget†¦ or possibly I should encourage others that is absolutely vital to keep all your experiences close to you maybe you will rely upon them one day just like I have. How to cite An Experience to Forget?, Papers

Maggie Girl of the Streets Huck Finn Family Life Essay Example For Students

Maggie Girl of the Streets Huck Finn Family Life Essay Life in the 1800s has taken on an almost idealistic quality in the minds of many Americans. The images linked to this era of our history are, on the surface, pleasurable to recall: one room school houses; severe self-reliance; steam-powered railroads and individual freedom. All in all, we seem to recall a well-scrubbed past. Maybe, as we cross into the next century, its time to take another look at the so-called good old days. Two very well written works that help to see the latter side of family life in the late 1800s are Maggie: A Girl Of The Streets and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. By chance, an evident parallel is drawn in comparing Huck Finns relationship with his father to that of the relationship between Maggie and her parents. Huck is the son of the town drunkard, a man who goes away for long stretches and beats his son when hes home. Maggie is quite the same, with the exception of residing in her household with two town drunks. Maggie and her family are in a small, miserable tenement residing in a dark crevis of New York City with the life of those around them passing them by. Similarly, Huck and Pap live in a bantam shanty on a sordid island in the Mississippi River, America surging past them as well. Maggie Johnson grows up amid abuse and poverty in the Bowery . Her mother, Mary, is a vicious alcoholic; her brother, Jimmie, is mean-spirited and brutish; her youngest brother Tommie dies at a very young age. Her alcoholic father is nameless, largely absent and casually cruel when present. He deems it necessary to beat the sense into people. These constant beatings in Maggie Johnsons home, furniture thrown from parent to parent, and every aspect of her family life as being negative, her family situation is not an extremly healthy one. But, despite her hardships, Maggie grows up to become a beautiful young lady whose romantic hopes for a more desirable life remain untarnished. From the beginning of Huck Finn, the reader can recognize that Huck is not living the same life as any other child in his surroundings. Hucks disregard for manners, lack of parental influence, and rebellious attitude leads one to assume that his family life is not quite as healthy as it could be. His adoptive family, consisting of himself and Widow Douglass, appears to him far too civilized. His father is far too drunk, greedy, and neglectful of his own son to provide a healthy family life for him. Perhaps, in relation to his family life with his father, the lifestyle Huck leads with Widow Douglass is too healthy for his taste rather than too civilized. Without taking note of how many people make up Maggie or Hucks, their poorly functioning homes are almost exact when considering their chaotic and unpredictable nature. With a mother like Mary and a father like hers, it can hardly be surprising, the novel implies, Maggie grow up as they do. Nonetheless, Maggie and Huck are seldom aware of what mood the drunk/abusive parent might be in. Any situation that interferes with healthy family functioning can lead to a dysfunctional family. For example, the absence of positive reciprocal relationships between Maggie and her mother and Huck Finn and his father are very detrimental to their futures in growing up. The children of a dysfunctional family can take on many different roles. Both Maggie and Huck Finn take on the role of the responsible child or caretaker. Upon taking on this role, they both attempt to maintain peace in their family by assuming responsibility for the needs of others. .u40012f0c1360cdbd840193d948969c05 , .u40012f0c1360cdbd840193d948969c05 .postImageUrl , .u40012f0c1360cdbd840193d948969c05 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u40012f0c1360cdbd840193d948969c05 , .u40012f0c1360cdbd840193d948969c05:hover , .u40012f0c1360cdbd840193d948969c05:visited , .u40012f0c1360cdbd840193d948969c05:active { border:0!important; } .u40012f0c1360cdbd840193d948969c05 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u40012f0c1360cdbd840193d948969c05 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u40012f0c1360cdbd840193d948969c05:active , .u40012f0c1360cdbd840193d948969c05:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u40012f0c1360cdbd840193d948969c05 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u40012f0c1360cdbd840193d948969c05 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u40012f0c1360cdbd840193d948969c05 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u40012f0c1360cdbd840193d948969c05 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u40012f0c1360cdbd840193d948969c05:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u40012f0c1360cdbd840193d948969c05 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u40012f0c1360cdbd840193d948969c05 .u40012f0c1360cdbd840193d948969c05-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u40012f0c1360cdbd840193d948969c05:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Responsibility and Guilt in An Inspector Calls EssayIn the beginning of the novella, Maggie is introduced with her youngest brother Tommie who she is taking care of. Even more extensive role playing is on the part of Huck who assumes the resposibility for Jims needs for most of the time that they are together. However, this relationship works differently than that of Maggies. Jim is both Hucks advisor and trustworthy companion but also allows Huck the element of control that he couldnt find in a white man. This fake parenthood relieves Huck of any lifelong responsibilities to Jim and also allows Twain to eventually separate the two without any emotional repercussions. In short, they lack a pure familial bond implicating a tragedy of sadness at the center of their relationship. Everyone has had a conflict with their family at some time or another, but for some it is more of a lifetime struggle involving much confusion and emotional pain. Often adult children of dysfunctional families will feel controlled by others and at the same time will not take responsibility for others thoughts, feelings and actions. This is much like Maggies dependance on Pete to control her life and Hucks attempt to break free through the entire work from being controlled. To break free, one must take back control over ones life and give back control of others lives. By the conclusion of The Adventure Of Hucklebery Finn, he has had some good glimpses of civilization on his journey up and down the river, and most of what he has seen has not been very pretty. But, he has broken free and has control over his future. As for Maggie, one may say that her committing suicide was due to a lack of control in her life, whereas taking her own life was the only way she saw fit to control her ongoing situation. . She may indeed go teh hell, but largely because her mother damned her there from birth.

Utilitarian and Retributivist theories of punishment

The aim of the philosophy of punishment is to understand the reason behind administration of punishment and the procedure used in determining the suitable punishment. Punishment refers to authoritative deprivation of people’s freedoms and rights or inflicting pain to an individual or group of people because of engaging in activities against the laws of the society or some group of people.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Utilitarian and Retributivist theories of punishment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Punishments are administered informally within the society for instance within a family set up or formally through the system of justice in the country. The main aim of punishing wrong doers is to correct them so that they do not go back to the same crime. Punishments are also administered to prevent the victim from influencing other innocent citizens and shy off some who may be intending to commit the sam e crime (Corlett, 2006). Theories of punishment Governments apply several theories to support the use of punishment so that the society maintains law and order. A society without punishment would be disorderly because the rate of crimes will be very high. Crimes like rape, theft, kidnapping, robbery, murder among others would be on increase. This would end the society into a dangerous state. Punishments are used as control measures to people’s behaviors. Involvement in crimes is minimized by punishments because people are aware of the strict measures to be taken against them. Utilitarian and retributivist are the two major theories used in support of punishments (Corlett, 2006). Utilitarian theory of punishment This theory is based on the assumption that offenders are punished to prevent and discourage them from engaging in crimes in future. According to this theory, maximization of laws contributes to society’s happiness. Law enforcement minimizes crimes and punishmen ts and therefore people lead happy and comfortable lives. The proponents of the theory agree that a society free of crimes does not exist but try as much as possible to punish offenders to deter them from committing crimes in future (Murphy, 2007). Murphy (2007) argues that utilitarian theory is naturally consequential. This means that the effects of punishment are felt by individual offenders as well as the larger society. They therefore believe that the benefits of the punishments should outweigh the disadvantages it has to both parties. The theory requires that laws are specifically designed to prevent individual criminals from future destructive activities as well as effects on other members in the society. There are two basic levels of deterrence, general and specific levels of deterrence. General deterrence means that punishment administered to a criminal prevents other people from committing crimes.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you ! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The punishment is meant to help others understand that criminal behavior is punishable and therefore the person serves as an example to other people. Specific or individual deterrence means that the punishment is meant to prevent its bearer from committing further crimes. One way of punishing offenders is confining them in a jail where they are under exposure of unfavorable conditions. The experiences in jail discourage them from repeating the crime. Another argument put forward by utilitarians is that punishment changes the moral values of the offender. Punishments make wrong doers realize their mistakes and change for the better so that similar mistakes are not repeated again. In addition, they believe that punishment involves isolation of the offender from the rest of the society members. Society members are now secure because the person cannot cause any more harm to them. For instance when criminals are confined in jails, t heir movements is closely monitored within the institution. They also believe that punishments should both be administered to offenders and innocent people if the society is to benefit from the act (Murphy, 2007). According to Murphy (2007), rehabilitation measures are useful methods of instilling punishment to offenders. Offenders are taken to rehabilitation centers under the control of law where necessary steps are taken to help them out of criminal activities. Treatments of pain like chronic violent behavior and mental disorders are some of the applicable rehabilitation measures taken on criminals. Educational programs are also offered in rehabilitation centers which equip them with knowledge and skills in various courses. This enables them to earn a living. Retributivist theory of punishment The theory puts its major emphasis on the crime.Its proponents believe that criminals deserve punishments because they committed certain crimes. The reason for being punished is because they deserve it. People should be responsible for their deeds and actions and therefore should bear the consequences of such actions. Proponents argue the guilty and not innocent should be subjected to punishment. The theory is based on violation of laws (transgression) as the reason for administering punishment (Murphy, 2007).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Utilitarian and Retributivist theories of punishment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Retributivist theorists argue that people have free will and can make rational decisions. The thinking capacity of normal human beings is high and it makes it possible for people to differentiate between the right and wrong. They should make sound decisions before acting. If an act affects other people negatively, it should be avoided. People with mental disorders like madness should not be subjected to punishments because they may not be aware of their actions (Murphy, 2007). According to this theory, punishment is a form of revenge. Punishment is meant to let offenders suffer like they caused suffering to other people. The theory is based on the same principle applied in the Christian Bible during the Old Testament. The bible encourages revenge by using phrases such as â€Å"tooth for tooth†, â€Å"fracture for fracture† and â€Å"eye for eye†. The bible in the Old Testament encourages peoples to cause as much pain as they caused them. In addition, the theorists argue that individual and societies legitimate rights are protected in effect with the punishment. Through the punishment, the offender pays the debt to the society after which the offender joins the community back without any guilty. It’s a kind of respect to the offender because other society members do not discriminate against them. According to this theory, the main determinant of the punishment is the level of crime. Judging how much one is to be punished is the problem (Murphy, 2007). Merits of Utilitarian Theory Murphy (2007) argues that utilitarian theory of punishment has several advantages. For example, it helps in changing the morals of the person. Immoral people change to responsible citizens after they have been subjected to punishment. Offenders realize that what they are doing is not accepted by the society and adopt acceptable values. The standard in which societies maintain law and order is high because the effects of punishment will be felt by the whole society. Society members try as much as possible to avoid engaging in crimes which may lead to them being punished. In many cases, offenders are triggered by a particular issue to engage in crimes like theft.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Rehabilitation centers are of great help to such people because they come out of the centers with knowledge and skills which they can depend on to earning a living. Incarceration acts as a way of preventing further crimes in the society by isolating criminals. Sufferings caused by criminals are reduced too minimum. Harsh and severe punishments in jail help in molding criminals into useful citizens. Merits of retributivist theory The theory discourages people from engaging in crimes because they will be held accountable for their actions. Offenders receive back what they do to other people. The punishment that an individual receives is equivalent to the crime committed. Application of the theory enhances justices because there is no way in which all crimes will be judged equally. There are those crimes which cause severe and long lasting suffering to the victim like rape. Individuals convicted with such crimes should receive a different judging from that of another person who stole m inor items if justice is to be maintained. The theory encourages fair judgment. Unlike Utilitarian, the theory does not allow innocent people to suffer for actions they did not participate in or things may not be aware of. If the laws of a society allow innocent people to suffer on the basis that the results will be overall gain to the society, this is fair (Yadav, 1993) Yadav (1993) states that mentally unfit persons should not be subjected to punishments. Such people commit crimes out of their knowledge and should not be held responsible for them. In some cases, they also engage in activities which endanger their own lives. Instead of punishing them, they should be taken to rehabilitation centers where necessary treatments are administered. Finally, proponents of this theory believe that people are punished because they went against the laid down instructions. After, the punishment, the offender is welcomed back to the society. Utilitarian versus Retributivist It is difficult to d etermine which of the two theories is superior because they are all based on strong arguments. The aim of the utilitarian theory is to prevent the offender from committing crimes in future while retributivists strongly believe that offenders must pay back to the community their bad deeds. These are all valuable arguments. It is difficult for societies to perfectly follow the theories but they act as general guidelines to them (Yadav, 1993). According to me, utilitarian theory of punishment is superior to retributivist theory. This is because some of its arguments are subject to criticism. For instance, it is difficult to estimate appropriate punishments for crimes. How will a judge determine the punishment for rape and murder cases which are equally serious crimes? Secondly, there is a likelihood of offenders getting used to punishments because they are sure they will be absorbed back to the society comfortably after completing their punishment. Some criminals may change it into hab it. Some people may pretend to be mentally unfit in order to evade the punishment. Out of ignorance, some people may get involved in crimes. Finally, making criminals suffer like they did to other people is not solution to the problem. They will continue engaging in crimes (Zaibert, 2006). Effectiveness of the Approaches Both approaches are not effective because the kinds of punishments imposed on criminals in the modern world do not effectively rehabilitate criminals. For instance, criminals who are fined do not feel the pinch of what they do to other people. Such forms prevent crime for some period of time. If criminals are to change, they should be exposed to financial, emotional and physical suffering. Although it is difficult for a society free of crime to exist, societies should have laid down instruction to help them in maintaining law and order (Zaibert, 2006). References Corlett, A. (2006). Responsibility and punishment. New York, NY: Springer. Murphy, C. (2007). Philosophy of law: the fundamentals. New York, NY: Blackwell Pub. Yadav, D. (1993). Law of crime and self-defence. New York, NY: Mittal Publications. Zaibert, L. (2006). Punishment and retribution. London: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. This essay on Utilitarian and Retributivist theories of punishment was written and submitted by user Reese Nolan to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Fulbright Postdoc Essay Sample - How to Write a Fulbright Essay Sample

Fulbright Postdoc Essay Sample - How to Write a Fulbright Essay SampleFor those Fulbright postdocs who need help writing their Fulbright essay sample, the solution to this problem is a few simple and easy steps to follow. These steps are explained below so that you too can get rid of your anxiety once and for all.First, go ahead and read through the Fulbright essay sample available online. Many providers have taken the step of providing as many samples as possible to their prospective students so that they are fully informed about all the aspects of the Fulbright program. The postdoc writing sample may be pretty simple or complex, but the basic facts are similar in all such samples.It is important that you understand and know everything about the sample you are going to read over. The entire sample should come from the viewpoint of the individual Fulbright student. In other words, each paragraph in the Fulbright essay sample has been written by an individual Fulbright student in the course of their Fulbright course. You may not have read the entire page, or you may not have even skimmed over some lines, but you must have understood what the writer was trying to convey in his or her Fulbright essay sample.The Fulbright essay sample may come in the form of thesis statements, works Cited, or even essays. You may choose which of these samples to study first. Once you have read over the sample carefully, be sure to make notes on each topic. This is what you will use to help you polish your final Fulbright essay sample so that it is thorough and informative.The most important things that you must remember while reading through the Fulbright essay sample are the choices you have to make in every paragraph. Since the Fulbright postdoc essay sample is meant to convey the opinions of the Fulbright student in the course of their Fulbright program, you must write your essay in such a way that you are conveying your own opinions on the issue at hand. Do not be so analytical in writing that your Fulbright essay sample turns out to be so boring that your prospective postdoc doesn't want to read it.The Fulbright essay sample is not a time-waster like the examination paper and neither is it a hectic examination or assignment. As long as you are able to make the best choice with regards to the various paragraphs in your Fulbright essay sample, then you will be a good candidate for a Fulbright postdoc position.The Fulbright essay sample is just a tool in order to get you acquainted with the Fulbright program. It will help you more if you are well-versed with all the aspects of the Fulbright program so that you can excel in your Fulbright postdoc position. In other words, the Fulbright essay sample is only a very basic guide that will be a valuable resource in preparing your Fulbright postdoc essay sample.